The Centre has geared up to realise the dreams of having simultaneous polls as it went ahead in approving the high-level panel’s recommendations on "one nation, one election" plan for holding for the Lok Sabha, State Assemblies and Local Bodies elections simultaneously in a phased manner after a countrywide consensus-building exercise.

The recommendations could be tabled in the Winter Session of Parliament and sources indicate that the Government would implement it in its current tenure.

While Prime Minister Narendra Modi said it was an important step towards making our democracy more vibrant and participative, Opposition parties shared a mixed response. The high-level committee approached 62 political parties, of which 47 responded -- 32 voicing support to holding simultaneous polls and 15 opposing it. Fifteen political parties did not submit a response. "I compliment ex-President Ram Nath Kovind for spearheading effort," Modi expressed through social media after Cabinet nod for simultaneous polls recommendation.

Among the national parties, the Congress, Aam Aadmi Party (AAP), the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) opposed the proposal, while the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the National People’s Party (NPP) supported it.

The country had simultaneous elections between 1951 and 1967 but thereafter, polls started getting dispersed due to various reasons, including mid-term elections. Holding all polls simultaneously will require a lot of manoeuvring, including advancing some elections and delaying some others.

While the Lok Sabha polls were held in May-June this year, States like Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh also went to polls along with the parliamentary election. The Assembly election process for Jammu and Kashmir and Haryana is currently underway, while Maharashtra and Jharkhand are also scheduled to go to polls later this year. Delhi and Bihar are among the States that are scheduled to go to polls in 2025.

The terms of the current assemblies in Assam, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and Puducherry will end in 2026, while the terms of the Goa, Gujarat, Manipur, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand assemblies will end in 2027. The terms of the State assemblies in Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura and Telangana will end in 2028. The terms of the current Lok Sabha and the State assemblies that went to polls together this year will end in 2029.

Asserting that several political parties are already on board, the Union Government said even those parties that are opposed to it may now feel pressure from within to change their stand due to the widespread support on the issue from the people of the country.

Announcing the Union Cabinet’s approval to the proposal, Information and Broadcasting Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw said an implementation group would be formed to take forward the recommendations of the panel headed by former President Ram Nath Kovind and detailed discussions would be held on various fora across the country over the next few months.

After the discussions are completed, implementation would follow in steps and it would be the Government’s endeavour to build a consensus over the next few months, Vaishnaw said. Once the consultation process is over, the Government will draft a bill, place it before the cabinet and subsequently, take it to Parliament for simultaneous polls to come into effect, he added.

In its report submitted to the Government in March, just before the general election was announced, the panel recommended implementing “one nation, one election” in two phases -- simultaneous polls for the Lok Sabha and State assemblies in the first phase and elections for Local Bodies like panchayats and municipal bodies within 100 days of the general election in the second phase.

It also recommended a common electoral roll, which would need coordination between the Election Commission of India (ECI) and State election commissions. At present, the ECI is responsible for the Lok Sabha and Assembly polls, while the local body elections for municipalities and panchayats are managed by the State election commissions.

The panel has recommended a total of 18 constitutional amendments, most of which will not need ratification by State Assemblies. However, these would require certain Constitution amendment bills that would have to be passed by Parliament.

Some proposed changes regarding the single electoral roll and single voter ID card would need ratification by at least half of the States. Separately, the Law Commission is also likely to come up soon with its own report on simultaneous polls, of which Prime Minister Narendra Modi has been a strong votary.

Sources said the Law Commission is likely to recommend holding simultaneous polls for all three tiers of the Government -- the Lok Sabha, State Assemblies and Local Bodies like municipalities and panchayats -- starting 2029 and a provision for a unity Government in cases like a hung house.

The Kovind panel studied election processes in seven countries including South Africa, Sweden and Belgium, before recommending simultaneous polls for Lok Sabha and State Assemblies in India, according to the committee’s report approved by the Union Cabinet on Wednesday.  The other countries where simultaneous elections are conducted are Germany, Japan, Indonesia and the Phillipines.