As we celebrate International Women’s Day, it’s essential to reflect on women’s journey of empowerment and the strides they have made in various fields
India, a country rich in diversity, culture and history, is a tribute to the fortitude and achievements of its women. Over the years, women in India have played multifaceted roles, contributing significantly to the nation’s growth, development and overall achievements. India’s history is replete with stories of strong and resilient women who defied societal norms to carve a space for themselves. From Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi to Sarojini Naidu and from Savitribai Phule to PT Usha, these trailblazers have laid the foundation for gender equality. Women from various eras and fields have been the driving force behind making it the global player that it is today.
Women contribute significantly to the social fabric of a country, playing vital roles in families, communities and institutions. From the pioneers of the past to the innovators of the present, women have changed Indian culture forever. Indian women have not only excelled within the country’s borders but have also made their mark globally. From business leaders and scientists to artists and athletes, Indian women have showcased their talents on the international stage, earning accolades and inspiring a new generation of individuals to dream big.
While women have entered and established themselves in every sector of governance and socio-political structure, there is still room for improvement. In fact, gender equality has been persistently highlighted in all aspects of life under the leadership of our Hon’ble Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi. The Prime Minister has also made it quite evident where he wants the country to go: from development driven by women to development led by women. This is such a radical shift in perspective that now reflects on the achievements as well as the persisting challenges.
The degree of gender equality in a society often correlates with its level of development and modernisation. Societies that support gender equality typically have more opportunities for all, stronger social cohesion and lower levels of discrimination. One of the significant strides in recent decades has been the increasing emphasis on education for women.
Though challenges persist, particularly in rural areas where access to quality education remains a concern, government initiatives like Beti Bachao Beti Padhao have played a pivotal role in encouraging the education of the girl child. Women’s economic engagement in India has also surged dramatically from 22 per centin 2022 to 37 per cent in 2023. In the dynamic landscape of entrepreneurship, women are increasingly making their mark as formidable leaders, innovators and drivers of change. Women entrepreneurs are disrupting sectors, promoting inclusivity, motivating future generations, and redefining industries by breaking out from established roles and starting profitable firms. Their contributions extend beyond profit margins, encompassing innovation, inclusivity, and a commitment to the positive social impact. The textile sector now engages more than 25 lakh (2.5 million) female weavers and allied workers. These women are not mere contributors; they are trailblazers who are reshaping an industry steeped in tradition.
The representation of women in political institutions serves as a barometer of a country’s commitment to democracy and inclusivity. Countries with higher levels of female political representation often exhibit a more balanced and diverse approach to policymaking, addressing a broader range of the societal issues.
Taking this thought forward, the “Nari-shakti Vandan Adhiniyam-Women Reservation Bill” was introduced to provide one-third reservation (i.e., 33 per cent) to women in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies, which will further strengthen our democracy. Although women participate substantially in Panchayati Raj institutions and municipal bodies, their representation in state legislatures and Parliament remains limited. Women MPs constitute a mere 15 per cent of the Lok Sabha and account for only about 10 per cent of members in many state assemblies. The number of women members will rise to 181 from the present 82 once the law comes into force.
While women are leading in various walks of life today, it is essential to recognise that only 6-7 per cent of the Indian Railways workforce comprises women. Despite this low representation, the “first ladies” who ventured into the male-dominated areas deserve commendation. One such remarkable woman is Ms. Jaya Varma Sinha, the first female Chairperson & CEO of the Railway Board. Additionally, Indian Railways boasts a significant number of more than 800 women working as loco pilots, loco pilot (shunter) and assistant loco pilots. Some trains are even operated entirely by all-women crews, showcasing their competence and resilience.
As the world celebrates International Women’s Day, it is crucial to shed light on a segment of society whose contributions often go unnoticed-the unemployed women. While unemployment can be disheartening, it does not diminish the significant impact these women make across various spheres of life.
As we celebrate the progress in women’s empowerment in India, we must acknowledge that the journey is ongoing. Collective efforts from the government, civil society and the public are necessary to achieve meaningful and lasting change. Empowering women is not merely about equality, it is a fundamental prerequisite for sustainable development, social progress, and the overall well-being of a society. I would like to leave you with food for thought by our Hon’ble Prime Minister: “Woh shakti hai, sashaktahai, Woh Bharat ki naari hai, Na zyada main, nakam main, Woh sab main barabar ki adhikari hai.”
(The author is Minister of State for Railways & Textiles, Government of India; views are personal)
