US, Iran holds hours of nuclear talks as more American forces deploy to Mideast
Iran and the United States held hours of indirect talks Thursday in Geneva over Tehran’s nuclear negotiations viewed as a last chance for diplomacy as America has gathered a fleet of aircraft and warships to the Middle East to pressure Tehran into a deal. US President Donald Trump wants a deal to constrain Iran’s nuclear programme, and he sees an opportunity while the country is struggling at home with growing dissent following nationwide protests last month.
Iran meanwhile has maintained it wants to continue to enrich uranium even as its programme sits in ruins, following Trump ordering an attack in June on three of the Islamic Republic’s nuclear sites, part of a bruising 12-day war last year. If an American attack happens, Iran has said all US military bases in the Mideast would be considered legitimate targets, putting at risk tens of thousands of American service members. Iran has also threatened to attack Israel, meaning a regional war again could erupt across the Middle East.
“There would be no victory for anybody - it would be a devastating war,” Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi told India Today in an interview filmed Wednesday just before he flew to Geneva. “Since the Americans’ bases are scattered through different places in the region, then unfortunately perhaps the whole region would be engaged and be involved, so it is a very terrible scenario.” Geneva talks are the third meeting since June war
Araghchi again is passing messages to Steve Witkoff, a billionaire real estate developer and friend of Trump who serves as a special Mideast envoy for the president. The two men held multiple rounds of talks last year that collapsed after Israel launched its war against Iran in June. These latest talks are again being mediated by Oman, a sultanate on the eastern edge of the Arabian Peninsula that’s long served as an interlocutor between Iran and the West.
Araghchi met Oman’s Foreign Minister Badr al-Busaidi after arriving in Geneva on Wednesday night. The men “reviewed the views and proposals that the Iranian side will present to reach an agreement on the Iranian nuclear programme, based on the guiding principles agreed upon in the previous round of negotiations,” a report from the state-run Oman News Agency said.
Al-Busaidi will pass on Iran’s offer to American officials on Thursday, it added. An Associated Press journalist saw al-Busaidi after he met with the director-general of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the United Nations’ nuclear watchdog. The Omani diplomat flashed a thumbs-up to a question about whether he was hopeful for the talks. Al-Busaidi returned Thursday to the Omani diplomatic residence on the shores of Lake Geneva. A convoy believed to be carrying American diplomats later arrived to the compound, followed by another believed to be carrying Iranian diplomats.
Oman later published images of Witkoff and Jared Kushner, Trump’s son-in-law, meeting with al-Busaidi at the residence, signalling the start of the talks. The talks lasted some three hours before the American delegation left the site. Al-Busaidi wrote on X that United States and Iran will resume indirect nuclear talks later on Thursday. “We’ve been exchanging creative and positive ideas in Geneva today,” the Omani diplomat wrote. “We hope to make more progress.”
In this round of negotiations after the June war, Trump has pushed to halt Iran’s enrichment of uranium entirely, as well as address Tehran’s ballistic missile programme and its support of regional militant forces. Iran has maintained the talks must remain focused only on nuclear issues. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio told reporters Wednesday that Iran is “always trying to rebuild elements” of its nuclear programme. He said that Tehran is not enriching uranium right now, “but they’re trying to get to the point where they ultimately can.”
Iran has said it hasn’t enriched since June, but it has blocked IAEA inspectors from visiting the sites America bombed. Satellite photos analyzed by The Associated Press also has shown activity at two of those sites, suggesting Iran is trying to assess and potentially recover material there. The West and the IAEA say Iran had a nuclear weapons programme until 2003. Before the June attack, it had been enriching uranium up to 60 per cent purity - a short, technical step away from weapons-grade levels of 90 per cent.
US intelligence agencies assess that Iran has yet to restart a weapons programme, but has “undertaken activities that better position it to produce a nuclear device, if it chooses to do so.” While insisting its programme is peaceful, Iranian officials have threatened to pursue the bomb in recent years.
“The principle’s very simple: Iran cannot have a nuclear weapon,” US Vice President JD Vance told reporters at the White House on Wednesday. Vance said Trump is “sending those negotiators to try to address that problem” and “wants to address that problem diplomatically.” “But, of course, the president has other options as well,” Vance added.
Threat of military action sparks war fears
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If the talks fail, uncertainty hangs over the timing of any possible attack. If the aim of potential military action is to pressure Iran to make concessions in nuclear negotiations, it’s not clear whether limited strikes would work. If the goal is to remove Iran’s leaders, that will likely commit the US to a larger, longer military campaign. There has been no public sign of planning for what would come next, including the potential for chaos in Iran.
There is also uncertainty about what any military action could mean for the wider region. Tehran could retaliate against the American-allied nations of the Persian Gulf or Israel. Oil prices have risen in recent days in part due to those concerns, with benchmark Brent crude now about USD 70 a barrel. Iran in the last round of talks said it briefly halted traffic in the Strait of Hormuz, the narrow mouth of the Persian Gulf through which a fifth of all oil traded passes.
Satellite photos shot Tuesday and Wednesday by Planet Labs PBC and analysed by the AP appeared to show that American vessels typically docked in Bahrain, the home of the US Navy’s 5th Fleet, were all out at sea. The 5th Fleet referred questions to the US military’s Central Command, which declined to comment. Before Iran’s attack on Qatar in June, the 5th Fleet similarly scattered its ships at sea to protect against a potential attack.
