The vector-borne disease, dengue is a grave ailment that can affect children. Given that children are more likely to be outdoors — in schools, parks, or outdoor activities —it is crucial to ensure right preventive measures and care, so that pathogen impact can be minimized. The Health Pioneer talked to Dr Gaurav Jain, senior consultant, Neonatology & Paediatricts at Aakash Healthcare, Delhi about symptoms, prevention strategies, and treatment options for pediatric dengue cases.
Symptoms
High Fever: The most prevalent symptom in kids suffering from dengue is a sudden and severe high fever, often spiking to 104°F (40°C), which can persist for several days.
Intense Headache: Children with dengue often report intense, incapacitating headaches.
Eye Discomfort: Kids may experience discomfort behind their eyes, making it painful to move them.
Joint and Muscle Pain: Dengue is sometimes termed "breakbone fever" due to the severe joint and muscle pain it induces.
Rash: Children might develop a rash, which can vary in severity.
Bleeding Symptoms: In certain cases, dengue can lead to bleeding symptoms such as nosebleeds, gum bleeding, or easy bruising.
Prevention
Mosquito Control: The most effective way to prevent dengue in children is by minimising mosquito breeding sites. Regularly empty and clean containers that collect water, like flowerpots and buckets. Employ mosquito nets and screens on windows and doors to deter mosquitoes.
Insect Repellent: Apply an insect repellent suitable for your child's age to exposed skin and clothing, consulting a paediatrician for product selection.
Protective Clothing: Dress your child in long-sleeved shirts, long pants, socks, and shoes to minimise exposed skin.
Avoid Peak Mosquito Activity: Aedes mosquitoes, the dengue carriers, are most active during early morning and late afternoon. Limit outdoor activities during these periods.
Educate Your Child: Educate your child about the significance of avoiding mosquito bites and using protective measures.
Treatment
Hydration: Ensure your child drinks ample fluids to prevent dehydration, a common dengue complication. Water, oral rehydration solutions, and electrolyte-rich beverages can be helpful.
Rest: Adequate rest is essential for recovery. Encourage your child to take it easy and refrain from strenuous activities.
Pain Relief: Administer age-appropriate pain relievers like acetaminophen (avoid NSAIDs like ibuprofen) to manage fever and pain. Always consult a healthcare professional before giving any medication to a child.
Medical Care
If your child's symptoms worsen, such as severe abdominal pain, vomiting, or bleeding, seek immediate medical attention. Severe dengue, known as dengue hemorrhagic fever, can be life-threatening and necessitates hospitalization.
It is vital for parents and caregivers to be vigilant about mosquito control, employ protective measures, and seek medical assistance when required. By staying informed and taking appropriate action, we can safeguard our children from dengue and ensure their health and well-being.