For Israel’s President, there no longer exists an Israeli ‘mainstream'. Higher birth rates among the minorities have turned secular Jews into just another minority
Reuven Rivlin, the President of Israel, is an outspoken man, but he knows when to hold his fire. He condemned the killing of an 18-month old Palestinian child in an arson attack in the West Bank by suspected Jewish settlers as ‘terrorism’, but he did not say that the suspects were from the extreme wing of the ‘national religious tribe’.
Mr Rivlin has not yet commented publicly on the knife attack on gay pride marchers in Jerusalem that wounded six people (one of whom, 16-year old Shira Banki, has now died of her wounds). But if and when he does, he will not point out that the killer, Yishai Schlissel, belongs to the extremist fringe of the ‘Haredi tribe’, the ultra orthodox Jews who do not even recognise the legitimacy of the state of Israel.
It would be wrong to use language that paints all the members of the tribes in question as accomplices in these murders, because they aren't. Even if some of them sympathise with the actions of the murderers (and some probably do), it would still be a political mistake to alienate them further from the mainstream of Israeli society.
But maybe we should re-phrase that last sentence, because, in Mr Rivlin's view, there no longer is an Israeli ‘mainstream’. There once was, when secular Jews, mostly of Eastern European origin, formed the majority of the population and everybody else belonged to ‘minorities’. But higher birth rates among those minorities have turned the secular Jews into just another minority — and he says they should really all be seen as ‘tribes’.
He said all this two months ago, in a startlingly frank speech to the Herzliya conference, an annual event where the country's leaders debate issues of national policy. “In the 1990s,” he told them, “Israeli society comprised...a large secular Zionist majority, and beside it three minority groups: A national-religious minority, an Arab minority, and a Haredi minority.”
“Although this pattern remains frozen in the minds of much of the Israeli public, in the Press, in the political system, all the while, the reality has totally changed. Today, the first-grade classes (in Israeli schools) are composed of about 38 per cent secular Jews, about 15 per cent national religious, about one quarter Arabs, and close to a quarter Haredim.”
The most important implication of this change is that barely half of the children now in Israeli primary schools will grow up to be Zionists. The Arabs will not, of course, but neither will the Haredim, the ultra orthodox Jews who believe that the Zionist project to recreate Jewish rule in Israel is blasphemous. Only god can do that, by sending the messiah, and the Zionist attempt to hurry it along by human means is a rebellion against god.
The Zionist tribes are also divided between the secular Zionists and the ‘national religious’ tribe. The latter reconcile their orthodox religious beliefs with the Zionist project by arguing that it was god who inspired the early Zionists in eastern Europe to build a Jewish state in Palestine, even if they did not realise it themselves. Most Jewish settlers on the West Bank, and most of their supporters in Israel proper, belong to this tribe.
All these former minority tribes are to some extent alienated from the secular, liberal-democratic Zionist assumptions that underpin Israel's current political structure. A few members of each tribe are already so alienated that they turn to violence, like the settlers who attack Palestinian children, the Israeli Arabs who run amok and kill Jews, or the Haredi fanatic who attacked the gay pride march.