Discipline is the collective responsibility of all of us,” said Director General of Sarla Birla University, Prof. Dr. Gopal Pathak on the occasion of the conclusion of the two-day awareness program cum photo exhibition organized in the university auditorium here on Saturday. The program was organized on National Space Day under the aegis of Central Communication Bureau, Ranchi.

Speaking as the chief guest in the program, he explained the importance of discipline to the students and emphasized its importance in life. Referring to the famous scientist and father of India's space program Vikram Sarabhai, he said that it was the result of his efforts in the sixties that the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) was established in the country and today India is moving towards creating new records in space. He advised the students to focus on academic subjects with dedication and discipline.

Dr. Ranjit Kumar Singh, Principal of Model College, Rajmahal, informed the audience about the achievement of Chandrayaan. Singh said that Chandrayaan-3 mission has revealed interesting secrets of the moon.

He further said that the most important information given by Chandrayaan-3 is that the south pole of the moon was once covered with liquid molten rocks. That is, there was only lava inside and outside the moon. This is called magma ocean. Scientists say that the moon was formed 4.5 billion years ago, after which it started cooling down. Light minerals called ferron, anorthosite started floating in it.

APXS also detected a higher than expected presence of minerals in the upper soil on the south pole of the moon, which are usually found in the lower layers of the moon. This means that there may be a mixture of different layers of the surface of the moon.

Possibly due to an asteroid impact that created the South Pole Aitken Basin. These findings are significant as Chandrayaan-3 is the first mission to conduct in situ experiments near the Moon's poles, providing new information in these regions.

The uniformity of the surface near Chandrayaan-3's landing site can help calibrate instruments and plan future missions.

Future missions targeting the South Pole can also assess lunar meteorites originating from different parts of the Moon. Thus APXS measurements make a significant contribution to our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Moon.

Overall, the findings of Chandrayaan-3 present a clear picture of how different layers within the Moon's crust may have interacted over billions of years. This information not only enhances our knowledge about our nearest celestial neighbour, but also helps refine models predicting its geological history.

The data collected by APXS will be important for future missions aimed at learning and understanding more about lunar meteorites and their origin. By studying these meteorites, scientists can learn more about both the history of the Moon and broader planetary science.

Chandrayaan-3's APXS has made a significant contribution to lunar science by uncovering new aspects of the Moon's structure and geological processes.

On this occasion, essay and drawing competitions were organized for three consecutive days in which students of the University, Acharya Kulam Vidyalaya and Sarala Birla Public School participated enthusiastically and were also presented Sanskrit and the winners of the competition were honoured with certificates.

While giving vote of thanks at the closing ceremony, Shahid Rehman, Head of Office, CBC, Ranchi said that the positive and active cooperation of the prestigious Sarala Birla University for the program and photo-exhibition on an important topic like 'National Space Day-2024' is commendable and it will be beneficial for the future of science.

On this occasion, SBU's acting Vice Chancellor Hon. S. B. Dandin, Registrar Prof. V. K. Singh, Dr. Neelima, Dr. Sandeep, Dr. Pankaj Goswami, Dr. R. M. Jha along with other teachers of the university and students of various schools were present.

On the organization of the program, Chancellor of the University Bijay Kumar Dalan and Rajya Sabha MP Dr. Pradeep Verma sent their best wishes.