Researchers find new way to combat brain cancer

Activating a specific family of proteins may stop the spread of the most lethal and aggressive brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), new research has found.

GBM is the most common brain tumor in adults and people with GBM often live fewer than than 15 months following diagnosis because, despite surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, individual cancer cells escape and invade healthy surrounding tissue, making additional treatment attempts increasingly difficult.

"New therapies for GBM are desperately needed," said corresponding author on the study Kathryn Eisenmann, assistant professor at University of Toledo Health Science Campus in Ohio, US.

"We hope our latest finding will lead to a novel and effective treatment for this extremely aggressive cancer," Eisenmann noted.

The study expands upon an earlier discovery of a bioactive peptide called DAD (diaphanous autoregulatory domain) and small molecules called intramimics.

Both DAD and intramimics activate a family of proteins called DIAPHs or mDIA, which are known to play vital roles in GBM spread. 

The new study found that locking DIAPH into an "on" state using DAD, intramimics stops GBM cells from invading normal brain tissue.

The researchers hope to soon evaluate the effectiveness of this new strategy in preclinical models, a crucial step in translating this discovery to the clinic and patients.

"GBM is lethal because it so effectively escapes and evades therapy," Eisenmann said. 

"Our hope is this discovery will prove to be an anti-tumour strategy and one that will be safe and effective for patients," Eisenmann noted.

The study was published online in the journal Molecular Biology of the Cell.