Institutions can be categorised into two types such as formal and informal. The formal include public or Government institutions and private or non-Governmental organisations. The informal are mainly community based groupings and the unwritten, oral rules and norms of society. For local Governments, Covid-19 adds an extra layer of complexity to existing development challenges. Urban local Government’s response to this challenge and its ability to work with informal institutions to reach a solution is critical.
Working to build an urban local Government’s capacity to respond to the additional challenges of Covid-19 requires sharing of experiences. Covid-19 variability has exacerbated existing vulnerability of communities. Hence, the need of the hour is capacity gap analysis for better understanding the key needs and to carry out the capacity building activities with the urban local Government. The whole idea is to see how a local Government can improve its collaboration with informal community institutions to support urban local adaptive capacity.
Community dimensions of Covid-19 effects require a deep examination of adaptive mechanisms of the population, the different responses to the magnitude of the problem they perceived and the actual changes at the individual level and at the community level. Adaptive responses to Covid-19 are mediated by multiple factors, perception of change in cultural dimensions such as whether there is a repetitive response to those specific changes.